The post processing work flow can be simple or as elaborate as your needs call for. If you don't have even a simple work flow process developed, one can easily get lost in the process. I have developed a simple process that works for me at the present time, but most probably this will change as I become more proficient in photography. The following is basically a procedure that I follow most of the time:
Transfer photos from camera to pc. I found that it is more proficient to use a card reader for this function. Do not delete photos from memory card until after the photos have been saved.
View the photos for the keepers, I find that only about one in four are worthy of keeping Most all professional photographers save all photos in their original form, but as I am not a professional and at present take a lot that aren't keepers, I prefer to weed out the throw a ways to save storage space. Once this is done I rename the folder to something descriptive usually the location and date and save this folder as the originals. It's a good idea not to modify the originals. Once a photo is down sized it will never be the same quality if you want to enlarge it again.
Processing is the next step. The amount of post processing depends upon individual preferences, quality of original and software program used. I usually do some post processing to about 90% of the photos I keep. Adobe Photoshop is the best program that I have found for this function. Photoshop can be intimidating for a beginner, but there are many tutorial links on the web that provide step-by-step instructions for this great program. For about 75% of the post processing, I use only four or five of the many functions Photoshop offers.
Storing the photos can become a big issue. If you take a lot of photos, eventually they will fill up a hard drive. At the present time I transfer my photos to a CD for storage. Unless you want to spend a lot of time searching, I recommend that you organize and label the folders prior to burning them into a CD.